![]() ![]() They also cause opportunistic diseases in ICU patients who undergo invasive procedures. ![]() The non-fermenter, gram-negative bacilli (BNF) have a lower frequency of isolation when compared to Enterobacteriaceae however, they are a relevant group since they cause severe, fatal infections, especially in the hospital environment. Laboratory characterization is an essential component when it comes to microorganisms therefore, it is imperative to expose characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae, which are bacilli, non-sporulated, have variable motility, grow in the presence and absence of oxygen, ferment organisms of glucose, are cytochrome oxidase negative, and can reduce nitrate to nitrite. The general/species that frequently affect humans are Escherichia, Proteus, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Yersinia, Shigella, and Salmonella, among others. They account for about 80% of gram-negative isolates with a myriad of disease-causing general/species in humans, including urinary tract infections, pneumonia, diarrhea, meningitis, sepsis, endotoxic shock, and many others. Two large groups, Enterobacteriaceae and the non-fermenters, are responsible for most clinical isolates nevertheless, other clinically concerning gram-negative organisms exist, including but not limited to Neisseria, Haemophilus spp., Helicobacter pylori, and Chlamydia trachomatis.Įnterobacteriaceae are a heterogeneous group widely dispersed in nature. These microorganisms have significant clinical importance in hospitals because they put patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) at high risk and lead to high morbidity and mortality. Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are among the world's most significant public health problems due to their high resistance to antibiotics. ![]()
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